zkSummit - ZK0x02 - Variants of Proof-of-Stake and their Privacy Limitations - Awa Sun Yin

Transcript

so good morning everyone my name is Ella and I want to come under 16 laps and today will be giving this presentation on variance of the first rate and the premise of limitations so as part of introduction I would like to start by saying that or the kind of friend definition of what prefer something really means because I'm sure the muster we have heard the definition of for example for work is consensus I really and even if you can't speak a PDA and your search for prefers fake when you can find is that is to find as a mechanism for a distributed system switching from sensors but regardless prefer work being pretty pervasive in most public blockchains

he actually doesn't have that much to do with consensus in itself and in fact most people work systems are relying on to think organs and just make a modicum sensors which in essence means that the longest chain is the one that waves or the longest pull off participate consumption is the one the only true one chain so I don't know if just actually a formalized terminology for it and for staying up story for for something but when when I the way I were to find it is a set of mechanisms or an algorithm the determines who is allowed to participate in your who is eligible for supposed to

mind the next block or to produce the next block or in other words who is allowed to what kind of requirements you have to fulfill for you as peer to participate in consensus that's like a generic worried I would the way I would define who for something so right I think that before where it really means that you know that this would be eligible you have to start you have to learn with the code and you just have to start mining and you have to start with something of electricity if you're lucky then you can produce next bar you can forsake it depends on a combination of silicon conditions together with together with some severe under way of allocating rights to get the next slot but that we

got now into the details of what those conditions are and that really depends on which variant of perfect state were talking to talking about and there's I really shouldn't about them so oh yes so device reverse they've been covering in this session this is actually talk I'm giving like many times and lecture would be San Francisco by hopefully by then I would include the kasparian or the thin ones no interests me but it wasn't coming today University which is they used by networks like us know Academy produced a in the case of pesos we have partners TMS or informally known as videos and POS which by the way so my conclusion is stance 430 gating

suctioning and murkland reversed it and it's used by factors like cosmos had which hasn't launched yet hopefully should watch around this quarter but let's see and the nominated for state which is used by their site for collab so this summer its delegated from a snake just an in essence the way delegated prefer state works is that you could vote it so in never sent us well I hope it never here and coldest have can use their the focus to cast votes and those are

normally weighted by how much we each each folder has and in there if you are if you get if you rank will talk to you one percent only one in the of all the different drug producers with a call in by post then you basically get into you can called an active but producer and or else if you're like even the following the thundering right the nuclei call like stand by buck producer there's really nothing s they because the function that on which you s4w interesting lifestyles basically that I'd say if a producer acts maliciously then the next page is probably not going

to be voted again for it either that works in practice I don't really know you can actually it makes you be good exercise to do that you took a look at the different uh different voting slots of us and you see how much the that self anyone validators have changed they'll be interested back to severe but generally there's something there's nothing bonded nothing as safe and there's no tension right because that also is lovely no slash operations like oversee modern versions and then as soon as you are elected as one of those you get this new rewards and you get a fixed rate per if you're sent by or an active and they gave like huge base according to the blocks you allocated sue polity

and the university in the case of the u.s. imagine an emoticon sense just again luggage chain is one of those in the case of diversity I bring now only half pages online I'm gonna go use two networks are basically right now in production what pictures calls that it stops us like better net better than what traditions remain that so professors Baker's validators in their technology have to take a minimum of 10,000 X to Z themselves so they have to own those and they have to put that in specific address which then alternates a base address and then then the slots are located by psycho

psychosis is the type the way they measure time in fetters and then they are most of them stood around money so politically speaking the low and around all the Baker's should have had been assigned roughly the same amount of spots and also in that two minutes to be peaceful elevators or four bakers which is our vitamin drops so baking what they call and also in or saline not many Spacek may you you contribute to you check that the previous block was correct dislike for some contradiction you do as a baker and you contribute to the fitness scoring off that clock bet again absolutely those things those two tasks are punishable once a there's two things are

punishable and then so if you do buy exciting or double endorsing then you can lose up to 512 Texas pub lock how'd the most like what classical works for yourself to that period and the level of making the world or something just 64 per that one Door Spa and then the reports are baking class refused endorsement yeah for you suppose I gave you another one of our sensors in a case of Tasers you had a question but I think can you save it for later I'm not sure how good a breeze who generates what through generous donors so in the purpose of

really adhesion they discuss the mechanism that generates me a number it's like I don't know exactly how that work how they originally develop see in this case but maybe you can like I kind of insulator but there is it is of a particle that visionary done of other numbers and then they basically match at two different papers are available and then they are saying other than that yeah but let's go back to it later right okay and then purchased us is in order to give here or in order to be a validator where you have to do is you have to say which means you have someone press or you can also pull together

delegation you don't notice lee hak-su a prior self this allegation doesn't mean there's no real damage to the distinction as any piece of pesos because the use of terrors actually the telomeres don't have mistake so if you do you misbehave as a validator only your tokens are like the maximum unequal news is imagine you have some fun bit but the delegator song we get touched in that sense but it is a cosmos they do in cosmos case but delegation and cellphone aren't visible together and then the next thing you can lose increasing misbehave is the money huh in there so that's really interesting and it's a covariance in the up our customers is that they also perform

ethics and this is because the use they consist of the determine bites and cutting them in consensus which is a VFD consensus and in essence what it means is two thirds of the network has agreed and if they don't agree the net were just holds and that's why this really explains why ionizes really heavily trained in this case which makes such is pretty interesting and different than others and the last one is membership from baccarat I can't really sell many differences because I have a founder specifically to screen out yet this is based on the way we really published

since I'm ago I appreciate it changed what I can sell from now is that by the way yeah is that they have I compares a cosmos no mistake we have two additional agents so besides foreigners and alligators they actually call co-leaders and fishermen I don't need food instead will probably work there because that's not going to specify but that should contribute somehow to security so now I want to talk about piracy and because they're not as limit piracy so so generally in platforms that are

synonymous like every other block right every watching movies it's in your own Bitcoin Bitcoin because it's a peer-to-peer payment system it generally has me feel as a human system as a presence of purpose if you do some analysis on that on the year on a transaction you can find you can classify these same interactions and by dad you can classify the antics of actors about this kind of network so you can come so things like exchanges you can identify things like marketplaces and so on Demming platform down reinforce and so on I'm still stressed there my feeling with the case of the states that is are smart contracts and analyze versus the purpose and by daddy can pacify let's say this is a proper in ourselves and of questionable tokens and

so on but when it comes to proof think really the two questions are have a mind normally are so the particle article for state system so far is that assuming they like the platform is not really meant for payments so you can the kids appear payments but took and holders are normally instant devices who either stick themselves so become a validator or to delegate because otherwise you're getting played at our way through this so it's not that much for painless most of them won't have I think if firms up or what has the smart contract platform where they can write about contracts but about pie there yet and so really

because suits oppressions to me when transparency how do you some very validators because in most of the cases but you have to this this limitation where then again just have to trash the validator somehow they cannot have to know which means that I get to because of some opportunity cost in the case of Pentos and in the case of Cosmos become basically there's all your pocos writing vanilla gates to a validator that later on so you have to know them and which means to service there's no money public so in our case thumbs up we announce ourselves we have a website we have a public address that everybody knows we appear in all Brooks wearers participant is the main budget our competitors all

the Baker's are listed as you can see which name and which entity they belong so really it's really public and how do you participate interact with you meaning unchain yourself or do is there an ocean I hope you guys know about Bitcoin there was this huge thing about privacy and people were used by that time so many years ago mixer services for example we're pretty we're pretty popular you must become plug there was a different mix and services but slow really this notion right now in this news so which means that if you look into books per se new concerns actions there's not only a direct transaction from the limits Baker and then if you visualize this network it is it really becomes very clear the large box with

Baker is most likely and small ones on telling members true I might say that there's good healing behind us to learn more subjects but how hard is it really is currently the nickname to use maybe in social media then say normally these people who were sign up for group chats and pelegrin for the Baker's like to ask my questions and so on how hard is it to correlate is public data sent or semi-public data with public addresses I think it's generally not that hard Trisha uses more than any routine activities and northern are not extreme and then the next thing is Sahara soul hold increased I received in input big

networks and many of you might think you know if if any of these networks successful incremental approach that everything smash through Souls but that's actually not true because and this is lessons if it's a large networks they are the infrastructure on which all of these networks or are you sure that all the communications between the Savior's our houses our village are unique even and information waiting for example for you for some of the Appy groups which dominate I plan the speaks the full note is that communication also share knowledge and then other things like when you you sign up for a service like you're already

like for changes you have secured agency or in case of body manners so in Scenario we're going to prove you sexually is actually helped me to start my money there side how do i yeah and how do i buy leaders promote themselves like see this is my dress like don't send us another one looks like that's just a lot thinking i could say it's not only about let's just get so much rich into this platform and then everything's fine yep so for discussions and wishes you might happen this there's other men so that you know that there's your salary

position it would be let my agent sitting over there as well but i think this is time I don't really know what we're running on yeah maybe or what I just like finished there's always a difference asking questions right now when I just finished using them as go around we can catch me but anyways well yeah this I mean that's let you know that there was the breakout session and the several resources I that there's actual morning this those who were interested in further speakers up for such topic or may need to rid of this the main challenge that you will find is that a lot of these things are just informative blog post that we understand technical specifications and a lot of

case you might have to go into the sorcerer and everything Scouts of America my daddy has to confirm it see how it works thank you you