Protocols for Postcapitalist Economic Organizational Expression

ETHBarcelona Talks · July 2024 · 19:40

Akseli Virtanen and Jorge Lopez discuss protocols that let people organise economic activity beyond the standard capitalist firm. The talk considers how onchain tools and DAOs could express new forms of ownership and cooperation. It frames protocols as a way to express new economic and organisational arrangements. Presented at ETHBarcelona.

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From ETHBarcelona Talks, hosted by ETH Barcelona.

Transcript

guys the first two speakers we have for you this morning have come from Helsinki and come from Mexico as well guys they are from the economic space agency they have just written a new book that they're going to tell you about please make them feel very very welcome put your hands together for aeli veronin and hor [Applause] Lopez great than you have these slides all right hey let's go so thank

you for the invitation and a great introduction and uh good morning friends my name my name is aeli I'm a political Economist and a member of economic space agency I'm talking here today with uh J Lopez who is a distributed protocols architect and a digital grammar wizard also from the EXA core team maybe the next slide yeah perfect so we've been working for quite some time uh with a set of protocols for

post capitalist economic organizational expression we think of it as a new kind of medium an economic medium a formal language that encodes and communicates economic realities and uh as uh as such it gives people power to redefine economic practices it gives people power to to to express economic net networks and capture the premium of being networked the value of being networked so drawing from formal uh languages Linguistics semiotics we show how Ledger grammar can transition from a tool for capitalism to a language for post

capitalism uh the ex economic white paper protocols for post capitalist expression it came out a little long so it's coming out out as a book by one uh one of the well-known radical Publishers minor compositions uh uh from based in uh London now one of my um favorite philosophers JOS A French poststructuralist philosopher he wrote this uh not so wellknown but to me an important essay called how to recognize structuralism structuralism was a key one of the key

intellectual movements in the the 20th century uh um in philosophy now in this essay he he says that uh no books against structuralism are important they they mean nothing they can't they could not prevent the fact that structuralism is was the productivity of its time and he continues that in fact no books against something are important only those books that are for something for something new and know how to create it are important and we are trying to tell you or talk today a little bit about what

our book and the EXA project is for and how we are thinking that we know how to to create it so shall we start how do we get there well first uh thank you eth Barcelona uh for having us here and thank you guys for showing up so early we really appreciate it and um we are here and I really like the introduction because we're really here to to U tackle a little bit of a uh comfortable Topic in the blockchain space and that has to do obviously with the centralization of power and what we're hoping to do during this presentation is Trace its origin as aeli was mentioning to a grammar a language a

storytelling capacity that is embedded in the ledgers that we utilize and and that affect how we interact with each other and of course this the blockchain space and its layer formats are no exception to this to this uh uh uh Force so there's there's a blockchain par a paradox in the blockchain space and one is like there's a dissonance between narrative and reality there's a lot of aspirations and there's a lot of uh um uh uses that we wish uh block chain is going to enable to do it but somehow we find ourselves replicating the old structures as aspirational as we are so to to reveal this or to open this up we

need to understand that a um Network protocol has different layers and although blockchain is definitely decentralized at the uh physical layer at The Logical layer is simply one Ledger and at the economic layer even so much more centralized so how does the econ omic layer uh contributes on on on the blockchain on the Ledger uh contributes to to power centralization and it has to do with scrar uh very predominant in the blockchain space is a set of verbs like mint and transfer which encode a central Authority that is the one that issues and then the subjects are just there to

to transfer so now we can speak about a capitalist logic versus a post capitalist aspiration so Bitcoin um being the the the sort of like founder of this space encodes a very very strong monetary logic and with this it brings this power centralization and this power centralization logic with itself and and an ethos that has influenced the way we understand blockchain the way we sort of narrow our ambition of the solution space we operating um there's a replication of the capitalist economic incentives occurring also in the blockchain space that we want to challenge and that we have a proposal that this challenge can

occur not through only this scor but also through opening the The Ledger grammar further to include more verbs and to capture uh different narratives different values into the blockchain uh defi refi all speak to this but the TR is if we don't tackle this core grammar core language core core way of understanding the the the economy that is embedded in in in in blockchain ethos we're not really going to be able to bridge the gap between technology and aspiration all the nice things that we heard in the in the in the beginning yes yeah so here is another uh uh Paradox uh from the social best

perspective blockchain boast to have a trustless as its core feature but we know that there is no economic uh collaborative economic networks without trust there's no economic collaboration over time if there's no trust so we think that it's really necessary to create and encode social trust at the economic layer we need to get trust at the economic layer otherwise there's no risking together so let's talk about economic interoperability there's much that has been said in the blockchain space around like inter blockchain interoperability but it really does not create the kind

of economic interop that we sort of are aspiring are implying in in in in our different sub discourses like refi and Defi and um if you if we notice what is the main inter economic interoperability layer in blockchain wait it's Fiat money it's the markets it's we end up measuring our tokens against the crypto against the US dollar in the end or the euro so um we need to acknowledge that in order to fully create a alternative economic system on top of blockchain we need to address economic interoperability endogeneously and although there's uh uh

certainly some effort in that direction we need an ecosystemic approach and that's what we're hoping we can um uh propose through this expanded uh Ledger grammar so accounting is is is actually a very very uh um inspiring Source uh for this for this grammar I mean for all the uh Innovation that the blockchain space is bringing uh accounting is already a Time tested protocol it is a it is formal it is distributed it is enabling a a network uh of ledgers to interoperate

with each other and it's basically the backbone of our current economic system so we need not only to look forward but we also need to learn back from our from our Legacy systems accounting is not only static it's also programmable that means that we can create different kinds of accounts different kinds of accounting practices and what is most importantly it's grammar and what uh the blockchain space needs to integrate into itself already acknowledges social relationships it has this cap capacity to issue that means another party other than itself to credit and to debit so these core grammatical constructs actually served the as the foundation for higher order constructs in in in a more robust economic and Ledger grammar

and we are hoping to build on top of this and when bringing into the blockchain space at the core at the lowest level um in order to to uh um really be able to create that economic interoperability we're speaking of yeah okay so what do we see that is going to happen when we do that integration of that accounting grammar and it's more um expressive uh language well we're hoping to create a network in which we can create endogenous liquidity so what does

this mean that we we do not rely on on ramps and off ramps into current systems so heavily uh in order to create this interoperability across across across blockchains at the at the economic level and the way we do this is through reciprocal staking so to unpack that a little bit what does what does that mean to create endogenous liquidity through reciprocal staking so what it means is that agents can share equity in each other if we understand that most tokens are form of equity share equity in each other use this Equity as collateral for credit with that coll collateral for for credit open bilateral credit lines that are serving a shared goal between these

two agents a shared performance this can obviously through Network protocol do transa uh transitively and be performed transitively so uh we can actually scale this financial logic so what we're proposing is actually a financial architecture for power decentralization for economic decentralization yeah so this is then kind of what we are looking for if we think of the of the uh uh what could become possible that right now the the funding sources are really uh determining the direction of the blockchain ecosystem and we know that the the capitalism's greatest power is how it really continuously mutates and co-opts

and eats everything into itself and changes things into into its own shape and logic and that's kind of for the danger or or in the process of which the blockchain is to so our aim is is a blockchain as an autonomous Network that isn't co-opted by external economic Logics instead uh instead of becoming a a capitalism's extension so to like our question is that how do we give it a chance to self-determine its direction so yes that's it that's where we come from so what we envision blockchain to be when we understanding as economic

communication network is a more inclusive and expressive economic Network where instead of having this these Central blockchains we can recognize all economic agents as capable of issuing as capable of expressing through this issuance economic power and economic communication and economic coordination so for that we requir however a new economic grammar that goes beyond meaning and and and transferring and even Beyond crediting and debiting and and uh issuing but staking clearing um and a whole gamut of different Financial uh and economic um expressions and and verbs and words yeah it's like a

new economic grammar yeah and a new economic mean medium to a collaboration medium an economic collaboration medium that encodes collaboration ATS its ethos at its core yeah so this is what the the book is for and the EXA project is for and uh the protocol stack kind of for that what we've been working on is our way how to how to actually create it um so the book is um we think of it as it's ex economic paper as an it's an economic intervention and a strategy to resolve this blockchain Paradox by creating an an economic interoperability

protocol and now so we have the book object here but what we would like to next do is to turn this grammar and this booked object into a into a discourse into a living discourse a generative uh discourse and for that we want to integrate uh multiple stakeholders when we want to uh integrate your voice we believe that um the in order to to to form a discourse we need to engage and include as many voices as possible and that's why our economic strategy is one of the and political intervention uh to transform our economic system from

capitalism into post capitalism starts with the generation of a discourse and if you go to the next slide to activate uh uh for this reason to activate the post capitalist economic discourse uh we would like to invite you everybody interested to co-publish the book as an Open Access publication and a strategic intervention uh in in political economy uh the instruction you will find the instructions there uh uh and if you're interested please come to talk to us or check the instructions at the at

the discourse. xa. we what we've Al also uh uh created is this U like ultimate Open Access uh uh public publication experience a website book website where it's the book is there uh the glosser is there uh the audio book is there you can you can tune the the lighting the fonts uh uh you can download the PDF the e e publication you can order the the um um uh the print book uh and the idea is that we've U organized the book into its paragraphs and its glossery words into 729 units of

discourse uh uh and they've been encoded as uh non-fungible tokens with generative rights and in combination they're going to unleash uh uh post capitalism as this Collective generative uh discourse the idea is that when you when you acquire a paragraph of the book at the same time it's revealed at the book's website for everybody to read so it's basically a play for the commons we're open to questions thank you across blockchain so definitely the exper experimentation is in there and I I mean I don't need to to say that if we build it on top of a uh Global virtual

machine then that means that that we're not really bringing interoperability at the lowest layer so most definitely those are great we are ourselves experimenting with these Logics in the theum virtual machine and what we proposal is to bring it down to the lower layer yeah MH for a while and try and to understand it h how it's amazing it's like you said restarting rethinking the back end of economy not the front end uh how do you expect to engage Community into understanding this whole New Concept that's the that's a really good

question I hope that you will help us you know but we we we are thinking that's why we are using the the grammar and the language idea too so so how how do you how do you learn a new language how do you learn a learn a a new grammar and we kind of for us okay we we've uh uh like designed the grammar uh on the protocol level but that's why we need to get it alive so the discourse aspect we need it need to become a discourse a network and uh that's what we are uh going for in the first sense in the first stat now we are now establishing our s the first mutual stakeholding agreements with the with the uh aligned

uh groups uh to to start creating the economic Network and and and again the discourse nurturing the discourse is part of that educational effort because we will need many many stakeholders in order to be able to do that yeah if there's no more questions we're done all right all right thank you so much guys for your [Applause] time