Polygon zkEVM Validium, Reth client released & more - The Daily Gwei Refuel #608 - Ethereum Updates

Transcript

hello everyone and welcome to another episode of The Daily gray refuel where he kept the latest news in ethereum ecosystem I'm your host Anthony and it's the 21st of June 2023. right everyone let's get into it so first up we have a big announcement from uh George constantinopoulos here who works at Paradigm that the ref execution layer client is now available to download and run on your own machine now this is release version 0.1.0 Alpha so obviously being the first release it is a very early uh release that's still in Alpha and there's going to be issues with it there's going to be bugs and all those sorts of things but this has only been in development for around nine months so the fact that this

has already been kind of um a productionized here even though it's in an alpha version but the fact that it's already live and in the wild for you to play it around with for people to play around with is is pretty amazing now just to recap on what ref is it's an execution layer client that's built using a rust so I'm not sure if any any other execution layer clients are built using rust right now I don't think they are I think this is the first one uh built using that uh and uh Georgio's in these three details exactly what improvements have been made and basically what the sync times are and stuff like that so you can see in this in this graphic that the sync time of uh to sync the full node or I actually I believe this might be an archive node it

looks like a size of an archive node yeah so I think this is uh this is potentially an archive node here will only take you 50 hours and one and only take 1.92 terabytes of SSD space here uh so yeah you can see here ref is a performant ethereum archive node yes that's right it is an archive node first and foremost so this is actually really impressive 50 hours sync time for an archive no less than two terabytes on disk and you can see that they've compared it here to other clients Aragon around five days 2.2 terabytes on disk and guess another mine just over a month and over 14 terabytes on disk now it is worth keeping in mind the Geth and never mind are definitely not focused on archive nodes they're not optimizing for

that they're definitely optimizing for just being had the most resilient uh and kind of safe to use execution layer clients whereas Aragon is optimizing for archive node uh so they obviously have a robot roadmap that I've gone through before that a lot of improvements are coming to but they are beat right now by ref at 50 hours and actually it's a little bit annoying because uh the refs time to sync is measured in hours whereas the rest of them are measured in like days or months if you convert ref to today's I mean 48 hours is two days and then two hours whatever that is so it's around two days Aragon's five day so it's not you know it's not that much longer but for Aragon but it's still a very impressive showing from from uh refia uh so so yeah if you want you can

go download the client and actually run it for yourself right now I believe the the links are in this Twitter thread here there was also a tweet from the ethereum on arm account they've got a package up and running for ref that you can download and and start running it there I'm planning to run and it's probably going to be a weekend project for me get some new hardware spun up I don't know what I'm going to run it on yet I've got a bunch of disparate Hardware all around me that I can I can just shove into like a computer case and get running but I feel like I want to try running it on a rock 5B board uh and and do the full archive archive sync on there to see how well it runs and then just let it run to see if

I run into any issues with it so that's a weekend project for me but great to see another execution layout client joining The Fray here I mean this brings us up to I mean I was going to talk about client diversity in a sec but this brings us up to basically I think five or six execution layer clients now uh uh which is which is awesome obviously there are about I think six consensus layer clients right now uh yeah those five I think there's a sixth one somewhere but no one really uses it so there's about five there um and I think there's about five or six execution layer clients so pretty much on a parody there uh in terms of the um client availability but very cool to see this now one thing that I found was funny about the the naming here is that

uh ref and r e people are gonna get confused with so I wonder if uh this client name is going to be changed from ref to something else uh because re obviously came first and has been around for a very long time but uh it's funny how people differentiate between the two uh with R8 it's little or small case uh lowercase R uh and then um uppercase E T H uh whereas with ref it's uppercase R and then lowercase eth here so I guess not a big deal but something that uh that I found uh quite amusing there but yeah anyway you can check out georgios's tweet thread I'll link it in the YouTube description and below all right so I said I want to talk about client diversity well the client diversity and the execution layer side

of things has improved drastically recently so the first thing I wanted to talk about was uh rocker Paul's client diversity so I remember going over this site called rplclientdiversity.com uh that's uh that basically shows obviously the state of client diversity on a within the rocketpool uh ecosystem here uh and uh I don't know how to say this name I'm gonna I'm gonna mispronounce this at this name here again but the Twitter account shf Rin so uh basically shared this screenshot of the website of uh looking at rockapool's execution layer client diversity uh before the initiative to to obviously improve the the client diversity was I was started so you can see here before the initiative was started Geth was around 51 uh and never mind was at 16.2 based

through it eight and unknown at 24. now uh after the initiative a Geth is below 50 at 48 never mind is up at 18.4 percent and base soon is it 7.7 an unknown is slightly up at 25.9 percent there uh now if we if you go to the website you can see the live numbers here uh and uh well not live numbers but like you can see when it's been accurate by so it's accurate as at June 20th which I mean is is yesterday so it's it's pretty up to date here uh but rockapol's uh I guess um rockables client diversity Improvement here isn't the only story because Network wide client diversity is greatly improving on the execution layer side of things now do keep in mind that none of the data we

have around client diversity is ever going to be or client distribution I should I should say is never going to be 100 accurate there are different ways of measuring this you can never get a whole picture of the whole network uh and you can never get 100 accurate picture and there are some websites uh that track uh self-reported data I believe there's one that tracks self-reported data and they've only got like 48 coverage or something so they're missing you know about half of the network in their coverage so there's going to be different things see how different numbers floating around but I think that when you look at the overall trend what you want to see is for now obviously Geth being the majority you want to see their share coming down across all of the different websites that track this stuff now one of my favorite websites is

clientdiversity.org even if the data isn't 100 accurate it has been showing that Geth has been coming down over time here so Geth is actually almost below 50 now it's at 51.82 percent never mind is almost at 25 base suit up to 13.3 and Aragon almost 10 percent here with others at 0.13 now the others I don't know if it includes wrath I don't think it would because wrath just came out uh but I think there's one other uh execution layer client I can't remember the name right now there is one other one I believe uh but I just can't remember the name so when wrath goes in there I'm sure a lot of people are going to be running rest actually especially people who need archive nodes um I think that's going to be really cool to see how that shakes out but how amazing is it that get you know I don't

know probably a year ago was that like like or maybe over a year ago now but still is that like 90 percent I think of of the execution layer uh clients um ship market share here now it's almost under 50 I've said before that I think if we can get it to under 50 that is amazing right that you know obviously over 50 and over 66 is critical but under 50 I think we should have put ourselves on the back for that we obviously shouldn't settle for that but we should be really proud of what we've achieved in the community when it comes to that now in saying that uh the rest of the distribution here is also very healthy so never mind based on Aragon are looking like actually really healthy it's actually looking healthier potentially than the consensus layer side of things if Aragon keeps coming

down and these other ones keep growing at a at a steady rate here so I'm curious to see how that will play out but yeah it's just great that we're well below the critical threshold of 66 so if this is at all accurate even if this is off by like 10 let's just say Geth is actually at 62 not 51.82 right even in that world if there was a major bug in death it would obviously be disruptive but it wouldn't mean that the chain would finalize on the bug chain because Geth doesn't account for there's the super majority of the 66 percent so that in of itself is a huge achievement even accounting for uh measurement errors and everything like that but obviously we the lower we get it the harder it is to get back up

to 66 so we want to keep pushing there so yeah I mean I'm still running Geth on one of my boxes I believe um the the other ones so actually I'm I'm I might be running on two because I know my uh archive node is running Geth I might actually switch that to wrath but I'm a bit hesitant too because I rely on that archive node for The Rocker pool Odell uh tree generation thing so I don't want to kind of mess with that while I've got a good thing going there but uh but generally I mean I run never mind on my my solo sticking box I run uh it also on my uh my retirement box but I do believe that I run uh I run Geth uh on my archive no boxy I mean I do run get the Mark I have no boxing hopefully I can

change that to to wreath eventually and get totally off get but at this stage it's not like an urgent thing right and I think we've done really well when it comes to client diversity but yeah anyway moving on from that on to the next thing so avado had an update today uh they started off this tweet thread by saying exciting news avado has taken a major leap in improving home staking by integrating opal an Innovative solution with distributed ethereum validation this is a significant Milestone marking a new era of decentralization security and participation in ethereum so you guys all know about opal uh opal Network or the oval protocol I've talked about at them before on the refuel a bunch of times basically a provider of distributed validated technology which allows you to set up redundancy make you

all set up make you staking setup more secure and it's not limited to just like staking pools or anything like that it works just as well with uh with anyone right with solo stickers it's going to be integrated with rocketpool I believe as well uh I I at some point I think so yeah it's it is definitely a significant upgrade for the ethereum staking stack here and it's great to see that avado has integrated it uh with their with their kind of Stack here which is obviously going to be very helpful for people who run the ovato software um Novato machines because they'll be able to plug and play with opal they won't have to do anything uh kind of complex there and in saying that setting up an opal cluster is actually pretty straightforward I mean you guys know I've done it

um and I'm running it right now and I've done it in like an alpha capacity and obviously it's going to get even better over time but it really wasn't difficult the the most difficulties I had with it was just my firewall was not playing nice for some reason I eventually fixed it but it was definitely not playing nice and but that was that was specific to my box and specific to my setup that had nothing to do with obel's software which uh which which runs perfectly and was very easy to set up and didn't really require any hand holding or anything like that which is exactly what you want to be seeing from uh uh software like this I mean Mev boost is the same right where it's very easy to enable Mev boost on your um on your validator you know if you're doing it

all manually it's it's not hard obviously it requires knowledge of command line and things like that but it is not harder and it is not more complex than just setting up a solo staking node to begin with and obviously Mev boost is also integrated with these Solutions like dap node Nevada so it's all well and good there as well but yeah great to see that opal has integrated or that alvato has integrated oval uh into their stack here all right moving on uh swell has a new uh dashboard here the new uh sw8 portfolio uh kind of page so you can go to app.swellnetwork.io portfolio and track your sw8 Holdings c-racing transactions and monitor the SWA to eat exchange rate all from within the swell

app so I haven't got a wallet connected here uh maybe if I connect my metamask wallets uh if this is yeah my sasol.heath it'll show me stuff I haven't haven't actually got any sweethe on sasol.heath but yeah as you can see here it shows you your Holdings the exchange rate uh exchange rate over time your transaction history and then if you want to you can click on stake up here and get started staking straight away so I mean I have 17 Ethan on my Sasol today so if I go you know one I'll receive this much SWA then I can stake it there and then with the voyage uh I I can participate in the future airdrop here as well and see all the relevant details here which is really really cool to see and you know it's been great to see the growth of swell recently I mean

disclosure I am an investor in advisor into swell but why it's been great to see is because I've been banging on about with us needing more competitors in the liquid staking space uh and swell and not just more competitors but more competitors that are actually serious about growing their Market chance well is doing very well their growth has been very great very good obviously I'm aware that they have a an airdrop that that is coming in the future and they're obviously actively talking about that and actively incentivizing it with things like the swell Voyage uh but but generally I think that's the way to do it right at the end of the day um with uh with Lido they actually use their token to grow their market share as well because they incentivized uh liquidity pairs on things like a curve

with ldo tokens and then the same as a similar thing for rocketpool where they incentivize note operators by paying out RPL tokens so there's nothing wrong with token incentives at the end of the days especially because your competitors are going to do it anyway so I've seen some people say oh you know people are just doing this because of the airdrop farming or wanting the edge up I'm like yeah okay we can recognize that but we can also recognize that it's a necessary evil it's not and and I wouldn't I I would even say that it depends on the way the airdrop and liquidity mining is being done uh that it's not even an evil it's just like the necessary way these systems function it's a crypto economic system it's all incentives at the end of the day so when you look at these things

especially when you look at projects that are trying to take market share away or gain market share against big incumbents I mean what you're going to do really is you're going to uh use those economic incentives to do that you are more incentivized to do that so yeah just just very cool to see this very cool to see this obviously this new dashboard here so uh swell stakers can can track everything here and you can go check this out for yourself I'll link it in the YouTube description below all right last up here I just wanted to give a quick shout out to the eat Staker staking FAQ I've talked about this before but this staking FAQ kind of documentation website here has everything you need to know about ethereum staking it is probably the best

I guess uh staking uh information Hub that I have ever come across to be honest and there are different staking information hubs out there obviously the ethereum.org website has a section for it but the e-staker uh Deeds taker website here it is very comprehensive there are a lot of answers to a lot of questions on here and the reason why I'm talking about it again is because iridian uh he has shared today that the if you want to know why they're the initial limit was put on um on validators to have 32 East as like the max effective balance uh you can actually click on this link which I'll link in the YouTube description below and there is actually a question here that uh why the 32 maximum right and and the explanations here it's only three

paragraphs but uh you can see each 32 eighth deposit activates one set of validator keys these keys are used to sign off on the state of the network the lower the eighth requirement the more resulting signatures must be saved by the network 32 8th was chosen as the balance between enabling as many people as possible to stake without inherent inhibiting decentralization by blurting the size of each block with signature so that was why the minimum was chosen um but limiting the max maximum to 32 per validator encourages decentralization of power as it prevents any single validator from having an excessively large vote on the state of the chain it also limits the amount of ether can be exited from staking it at a given time as the number of validator um validators that can exit in a given time period is limited this helps protect the network against certain

attacks the and on top of this as well there is also the design around this was based on the original roadmap of of sharding with execution sharding now that's been kind of scrapped in favor of uh data sharding or dank sharding the requirement isn't really needed anymore and I actually was speaking to a few people about this since yesterday's refuel about this proposal to increase the maximum from 32 8 to 2048th or whatever it was and you remember yesterday I said that my conclusion was that uh taking everything taking all the negatives and positives of The Proposal I came to the conclusion that I that the proposal itself if it was integrated into the network would be neutral to positive um and what I mean by that is that like

there's a lot of reason reasons why it would be it would be neutral uh most of the reasons are in favor of it being neutral where it's not bad it's not good you know it's just neutral for the network uh but why I say slightly positive is because I believe that the big um win is is allowing people like solo stakers and rocker pool node operators to very easily compound their stake and compete with the bigger players on on that lens and I I do believe it would lead to more people solo staking and staking with with services like rockapool so that's why I say slightly positive because that is a big win to me I I I weight these positives and negatives against each other and that to me is a huge positive so that's why I'm saying that neutral positive on it is it

worth the amount of work uh to get that into the network and the amount and the risk it would it would introduce because obviously it's a it's a major change I don't know to be honest uh honestly we're gonna have to wait and see how that shakes out there uh but yeah I'm excited to see the discussions around this as as time goes on but anyway you can go check out this East Decker section here I'll link it in the YouTube description below all right so a major announcement out of the polygon ecosystem today and I mean I've been talking about this for quite a while now and anyone who's listening to the refill for quite a while now will know but they announced today uh or a proposal to migrate the polygon POS chain to a ZK evm validium so this was a long time coming in my mind

I've said time and time again that the POS Chinese old technology it is not something that the polygon team wants to maintain and I believe it will be eventually converted into a ZK VM now one thing that I didn't anticipate and that I think is actually a positive for the POS chain is that it is being converted into a ZK AVM validium which means that the data will not be posted to ethereum L1 it will be posted to the existing uh set of validators that the polygon POS chain has so they have around 100 validators right now I don't know what the uh what the kind of majority is I think the majority is I actually don't have thought my head so I'm not going to even try and guess but that's the way it would work the proofs

would still be posted to ethereum L1 but the data would be posted to the polygon existing polygon validator sets uh and and that means that it is obviously not a roll-up right it is still a layer two in my mind because as I've said before there's a distinction between Roll-Ups and layer twos I think calling a validium or volition can be called a layer 2 uh but to be caught a full roll-up you need to post your data to to the out to the same um place that you're posting your proofs to in my in my mind and obviously in this case it'd be ethereum L1 now just to recap what a validium is and uh beside and what the consequences are here if the data isn't posted to L1 and it's posted to somewhere else and then a user is not able to access that data effectively

their funds are frozen so the the polygon POS chain or future ZK VM validian chain uh uh uh staking uh nodes or validators I should say they can't actually take any funds right they can't steal any funds or anything like that but they can withhold the funds uh by withholding the data which essentially would freeze the funds now obviously that's not ideal right that's not something that uh that we should that we should that we should um we should accept on on high value chains and things like that and high value applications but this is where the magic of a hybrid design comes in now I'm not 100 sure if the the ZK VM validium is going to be constructed like this but I think it will be but essentially what

you can do is you can offer the user the choice of where to store their data so it could be a hybrid approach where essentially that in the normal running case and if you don't change anything all the data of your you know relevant transactions and relevant state of your of your account basically is posted to the polygon validators but if you want to pay the extra fee to post it to ethereum L1 you can so in that instance if the polygon validators were to all go offline and withhold the data you could still exit that ZK evm because the bridge obviously is on ethereum L1 and the data is there as well and you have the proof and you can construct all that together and take all that together and you could exit and you could force exit

with your funds and you'd be okay right so I think that that is an actual awesome approach because it means that the players with a lot of money that you know really would hurt if they lost that money so let's just say to Market maker and they have tens of millions of dollars on the ZK VM validium here they would probably want to post their data to ethereum L1 right they probably wouldn't want to post it to the um the the polygon validators and if if the if the ZK VM validium here is constructed to allow that I'm sure that they would accept that but then you'll have other people who are just like okay well I have like 50 to 100 or something and I want to speculate on some meme coins I'm talking about like obviously two extremes here but you can say you know

people just want to speculate on some meme coins and they're on the polygon ZK VM validium here and they're not going to care about storing their data on ethereum L1 because to them it's like if I lose 100 bucks I lose 100 bucks right so it really depends on the user but giving the user the choice and making it easy for them to do this as well this could be built into the wall interfaces where it could be it could be really easy obviously to integrate this but giving the user the choice I think is critical here now in in saying all of that in the long term future if we can scale ethereum L1 to be uh so to have so much avail data availability available on it that uh then potentially the ZK VM Validia employment dkvm validium here

could be changed to just always post this data to ethereum L1 by default if it's cheap enough to do that uh that's an open question of course uh but also they could change who they uh where they put the data as well maybe they want to put it or a user could maybe put it on like an eigenlayer data availability committee that's using restaked e to secure it so there are but it would be obviously cheaper than ethereum L1 but you get the security of restaked eth um and with the eigenlay ecosystem so there are so many different ways that this can play out which I think is really cool because it gives the users more agency and choice and depending on the type of user you are you can just basically Choose Your Own Adventure here and I also think obviously it's overall

bullish because Napoleon POS chain has a lot of activity on it has a lot of users on it has a lot of apps deployed to it because of that has a lot of State on it so the fact that that polygon is doing this ambitious uh change from the uh from uh the POS train and converting it to a ZK AVM validium is to be applauded here and they really did stick to comments that they made years ago at this point I remember pointing out to you guys that the co-founders were on Twitter saying that they want to uh basically change the POS chain to a ZK VM but obviously they had to build their ZK VM first which they did and they had to deploy it which they did make sure it all works and everything and then this is when they've basically put this

proposal forward being okay we built a ZK VM we know how how it all works we know it's it's um it works obviously we don't know you know how security is yet because it hasn't been live for that long but I don't expect oh there actually has been a timeline posted around when this will actually happen so I think that they're aiming for uh basically uh sometime in the first half of next year for the conversion to take place which is actually pretty pretty soon which is really really cool as well there but you can read the full tweet and the proposal for yourself uh it's all linked here and I'll link it in the YouTube description below uh but yeah I think this is really bullish for polygon you guys know I'm an advisor to polygon just to disclose that again but uh honestly I think they're making All the

Right Moves and this is just one of four announcements I think they have uh coming up um I can't remember exactly what the next announcement was for as part of the polygon 2.0 roadmap uh but keep your eyes on on that and I'll be sure to to cover it as well on the refuel here all right so there is a doodata leaks dashboard here put together by I believe uh Nifty table here uh who is a coffee on Twitter I believe and what this shows is basically the adoption of uh smart contract wallets or account obstruction wallets now I think I've showed this before on the refuel actually recently but the reason why I'm bringing it up again is because um uh is because it was updated to show

optimism and arbitrary and I think it was showing I it wasn't showing up there was an arbitrim I think it was when I last uh kind of showed this but uh but coffee basically tweeted this out again and and and and kind of highlighted it for people so this is something that you can go check out for yourself I'll link in the YouTube description below but just figured it was worth putting back on your radar just to monitor smart contract while adoption to to see how that all plays out there all right so speaking of l2s vitalik has posted a new blog post titled deeper dive on Cross L2 reading for wallets and other use cases this is a pretty deep dive and a pretty lengthy blog post but I highly recommend checking it out because vitalik talks all about how we can do communication uh uh well I mean

he sums it up yeah he says this post will focus more directly on the technical aspects of one specific sub problem how to make it easier to read L1 from L2 L2 from L1 or an L2 from another L2 now reading is not I guess like cross uh chain uh or interoperability it's more about reading in the in the context of wallets and and obviously smart contract wallets and things like like this and and that's why vitalik says here recommended pre-reads one of them is the three transitions blog post that he posted the other day but this has a lot to do with with wallets and how they all interact with each other I know all these uh how ethereum L1 interacts with the different l2s and everything in between now it does get quite technical in the second half of the pro first so

that might not be interesting to you but the first stop is definitely something that I recommend reading and I'll link it in the YouTube description below for you to do that all right last up I wanted to go over or expand on a tweet that I put out yesterday so I said the foundations for the next bull market are being laid before your very eyes are you paying attention ain't on now there are a lot of things to unpack here but if I go on about it I it's going to take very long and I haven't got that much time left so I'm going to just keep it relatively high level so the foundations that I'm talking about here are not just any one specific category so you obviously have seen all of the ETF stuff that's been coming out recently and all of the Trad fire

players getting more involved with crypto and all that sorts of stuff that is definitely one critically important kind of aspect of of what I'm talking about here in terms of the foundations being laid but it is not the the be-all end-all it is not the only thing that's going to take us to the promised land of another bull market right there are other things that I've spoken about that are all going to basically make the impact of all of these new players and all of this new money coming in uh be a hundred times more kind of impactful than it otherwise would have now what am I talking about I'm talking about ethereum staking uh as a big one being in a de-risk state obviously because withdrawals are enabled they're being many different solutions to stake your eighth outfit especially for bigger

players uh a lot of these lsts now getting integrated with different default protocols and more protocols being spun up all the time to unlock liquidity to unlock efficiency for these lsts that's huge right uh restaking with eigen layer that's you know being laid right now went live the other day so those sorts of things when it comes to ethereum staking and everything going on there that's a big one second one layer twos that's absolutely massive the layer twos are live they're working people use them as I've said before there are many upgrades coming too the layout shoes themselves then we also have erp4844 coming we have base mainnet going live uh which is going to bring onboard a lot of coinbase users I believe that have probably never touched touched anything on chain so there's all of that uh coming together there so

those two are the biggest things I think mistaking in l2s within crypto outside of crypto it's obviously a lot of these Trad fire institutions coming in and ETFs and stuff like that but those three put together I reckon that's a pretty big deal guys I reckon that's a pretty big deal to bring in a lot of new users a lot of new capital it will definitely uh play a big role in the next bull market and I think that we can we can see it playing out next year uh as early as next year in terms of getting the the Motions going now I know the price action recently has been pretty positive especially for BTC because obviously the ETF news is a new narrative but I would caution against like getting too excited as I always do because as I've said

before I think right now the Market's still pretty much almost all of the participants in the market right now besides the the long-term investors uh are Traders I don't think there's really much new money coming in and I think the Traders obviously taking advantage of a new narrative to trade it and that's why you're seeing BTC go up you're seeing each BTC go down and uh you're seeing a bunch of other coins going up as well because Traders are trying to play all these different things but unless there's actually net new money coming in off the back of this uh it's probably just gonna Excel back down now could it happen this year you know could it happen towards the end of the year maybe I'm more I'm more kind of partial to it happening next year and and when I say next year I mean like potentially

kuchuku 3 Pro maybe not early next year and what I mean when I say that it happening or the the beginnings of the bull market happening it's when we actually break out of these Rangers that BTC and ether stuck in now I've mentioned before that for eth that is at least above 2500 and staying above there for a little while probably over three K's is is more something that I would get way more excited about I don't know what that number is for BTC right now I haven't looked at btc's uh chart in a while but in terms of eth 2500 3000 that's definitely the kind of like early early Innings there because if we go to 2500 and then just get sold back down we're gonna hang around in the crab market for a bit uh for a little while longer so that's what I'm looking at

price wise but to get there all of these foundations that I just mentioned before are exactly what need to be laid in my opinion the tradify stuff ethereum staking uh stuff getting you know obviously more Capital into the ethereum ecosystem layer twos getting more users onboarded all that sorts of stuff there that's some a lot of the foundations that I'm talking about and there's obviously a lot of other things as well like a smart contract well that's right that's that's a big one uh uh different kind of like ways of doing uh a token liquidity Mining and air drops that's going to bring in new capital so there there is like I mean I'm not going to say there's an infinite number of things but there are a lot of things I think uh and I think that it's just going to keep growing that number

of things there a lot of obviously use cases are going to keep going and uh we're going to lay all these foundations for the next bull market to be a really fun one but on that note that's going to be it for today thank you everyone for listening and watching be sure to subscribe to the channel if you haven't yet give it a thumbs up subscribe to newsletter join the Discord Channel and I'll catch you all tomorrow thanks everyone