Enabling FHE Confidential Compute

Transcript

all right welcome back everyone we hope you had a great break and let's jump back in and kick start the second half of our conference so thank you very much for being with us today for K from inco who explore how eff can enable confidential commenting within block change F welcome to the stage yeah thank you yeah it's fukan from inconet work uh I'm working as a researcher and a technical writer uh and today I'm trying to I'm going to try to understand and explain for everyone including me how inco works and how confidential compute can be achieved by leveraging FH so yeah uh first why confidential compute yeah this is actually problem

statement uh our almost all blockchains are public and transparent which looks and seems quite good in terms of transparency and like U not having the some hidden and dangerous St on like on the global States but this is also a some lacking feature because there are some things that people are not willing to reveal like salaries financial data and like almost everything regarding to finance right so and we came here to propose a solution for this and yeah this is these are some of the some of the like some of the lacking uh things we like in front of the meth option like

the bank account payroll stuff like nobody nobody wants to reveal their salaries to their even their friend institutions and Enterprises and they're never going to reveal their you know financial status like the agreements transfers and stuff and of course there are many many web2 blind use cases that we cannot on board to web3 and yeah we're calling it the missing layer of the uh of the blockchain stack okay we had execution settlement and data availability and now we're proposing to add confidential comput into this TCH but how are we going to do it by leveraging FH which is fully homomorphic encryption a sub field

of cryptography in like the regular and traditional cryptographic schemes you cannot compute on encrypted data you encrypt a data you translit to cyppher text and the recipent decrypt data with their key right but you cannot compute on the encrypted data like what or what we call Cipher text um here we have a fun example like you modify this uh image but like the even on the encrypted version of it this is of course a illustration so basically FHA allows you to perform like encrypted addition encrypted multiplication like this is not all of it of course you can do comparisons you can do all of the like

computation operation you could IM imagine but how how are we doing so um we're proposing new uh types to solidity at evm and also some new operations um I'm not sure how many of you are familiar with like the Sol sign types but of course we had integer types like the U 8 U you know 128 256 and stuff also Boolean address and bites we're proposing to add like encrypted new versions of these like these uh these types for instance if like integer U integer a is standing for eight bits of integers the encrypted un8 is U

representing the encrypted version of the like of the integer type that we we used to also we have the operations here tfh is the FH scheme that we uh using in fhvm setup uh and for instance tf. add helps you to perform encrypted Edition similarly m m does the multiplication and EQ is of course standing for the equality uh and yeah finally we have also Randomness uh you can random you can create random variable variables by on an inced Manner and without revealing any plain Tex data and all of these are for are built

for implementing inco layer one for or like as a confidentiality of the service to existing many many blockchains more than 200 of course starting with ethereum and like arbitrum Bas optimism ZK scroll Avalanche and go like that um it's and as we used like okay yeah before before moving forward to the implementation let me also mention uh this is not only FH of course uh we're also leveraging MPC and ZK ZK is used for proving you're like proving that you are you're the owner of the particular data you're submitting encrypted data to the to the chain to the global state but of course you need

to you need to prove that you are the actual owner of the cipher text and this is where we leverage thek uh also we use NPC because even though you don't need like you don't you don't actually need NPC to to decrypt any FH Cipher text as this is a blockchain implementation of course decentralization matters and um no no single entity should own the authority of the crypting ther taex of the entire network so they're um you know testing this this task to the entire network of validators and this MPC Network the the each validators has a share of the secret key of the global

global Network and like when the S at least 70% of the validators come together they're uh like a lot to decrypt any Cipher text by using the global key um yeah this is the this is the one that I was going to mention yeah like the of course the most intuitive way to write code is like writing Sol right because like of course uh rust is used like the other um coding language is used but the Sol is the most favorite one and like the the ethereum uses it so fhvm library is a solity library where the implemented like the of course together with other teams the

encrypted types and encrypted functions into solity basically you write like normal solity contract you just add the some needed parts of the uh confidentiality You by using tfh Library uh yeah so okay like when we talk about FH like the first question always comes as like okay FH is good but FH CER Tex really sizey and yes this is true so that's why we're using handles handles are like some numbers way way less sizey and representing each Cipher text so this is the this is the method that he use for handling the uh size and

cod problem within faia um yeah Computing over handles or like of course uh Cipher text is quite easy and straight forward this is one of the examples that you can think of um here Bobs transfer some usdc to Alis and in the background the this line is run like tf. add balance allies to like and hidden amount here hidden amount is an encrypted U one of U probably and no one is able to able to see it so this is actually uh what we bring um yeah this is the similar thing that just to generate the handle and

yeah okay we have many use cases like and there is no limitation here like if if things if you if you have something in your mind like regarding confidentiality or privacy in blockchains you can leverage FH and use inco STX stack uh to like to to implement your your idea yeah if we if we dive into dive into the bit this is of course one of the one of the most common use cases confidential rc20 and uh I'm not sure if you if you heard it but like um couple of weeks ago we published the uh publish our work with circle but we collaborated with

them to like to publish a white paper and also a proof of concept implementation of a upand running confidence IAL rc20 token like the the main difference is here that you can see in like normal normal RC 20s of course the balances is a mapping from an address to a integer in the confidential year 21 of course the address is mapped to encrypted integer so that uh the outside viewers like the other users are not uh are not allowed to see how much like how much tokens are sent yeah onchain porker uh might be another

use case uh in terms of onchain gaming or rept gaming because uh like without confidentiality or without the Privacy aspect of course not possible to implement a porker into into web3 so income makes it possible yeah this is this is the first fully onchain mapia game is built uh in East Global New York uh one of our one of the hackers teams uh built it uh in our like the sponsorship you can find it uh on on GitHub and yeah one of the most important ones is of course m n protection because as the swap amounts are also hidden and encrypted uh it's

impossible to to do sandwich attack and I think this is also a good thing for for D5 um yeah of course private voting like uh voting is a quite a Hot Topic these days because of the US election and like some people always discussing if voting should be private what kind of uh outcomes that would bring and stuff like that and FH makes it possible to fully onchain private voting uh in any any ethereum compatible or evm compatible Chain by using inco um yeah all of these are possible uh and we even 20 minute on boarding as

we using Sol and it's quite easier to get on board it even if you have no idea about FH even if you never built on top of fhvm uh only you should see uh our documentation and of course please uh visit our Discord and if you're going to hack on uh during the E Global hackathon please see our booth our de team will be there and I think they will be really happy to support you thank you thank you very much Fen from inco given we have a bit of time uh feel free to add any final not that you would like to share to our audience yeah depends what kind of you know uh anything you would like to share

about you know the recent Innovation or you know about Ino yeah yeah sure uh like I thought I was gonna out of time so like I guess pastor but yeah okay no feel free to take it for yeah sure yeah I can yeah I can elaborate on confidential uh because okay this was of course quite possible with FH and we knew it from the very first day but like as I mentioned like our final work with circle I think is something really huge because like we have really few teams uh work on FH in web 3 and as inco I I'm personally really proud that we were the

first to do so to do something like this uh like in front of everyone and circle is like of course one of the leaders of the stable coin you know industry and like the fact that they support confidentiality in erc20 tokens is I think something huge and like we always talk about MTH adaption we always talk about like the you know migrating and on boarding the web two people into into web 3 but we cannot do it without without promising them about confidentiality because you know like I mean we not even promising that their salary is going to be private so I think this is one of the really important

milestones and that's why I see FH and FHA on chain uh really promising uh in terms of both cryptography aspects and also blockchain aspects and I would love to I would love to hear more I would love to see more people um on boarding to FH and like FHM Developers that's good thank you very much foren from inel and we'll take a much break and then we will continue with more session from our speaker in this bu stage room thank you