Blobs expiring, Layer 2's on fire and more - The Daily Gwei Refuel #758 - Ethereum Updates

Transcript

hello everyone welcome to another episode of delway refuel W up the latest news eum ecosystem I'm your host and this the 2nd of April 2024 right everyone let's get into it so it has been around 18 days since the denune upgrade went live on the network and as you guys know it brought with at EIP 4844 or blobs now because it's been 18 days it means the first blobs are expiring today so as you guys know blobs are set to expire by default so nodes around the network will be expiring these by default I assume that the vast majority of nodes have not changed that default and will be expiring these blobs now you guys will remember that just because these blobs are expiring doesn't mean they are lost forever what this means is basically there is a pointer on chain for these blobs essentially I mean

maybe pointer is the wrong term but essentially they're still there right the the commitment is still there the blobs were there once upon a time we're just um expiring the corresponding data now why I say it's optional is because you can actually set a flag or set a um it's a flag basically in your configuration file for your nodes that you're running um as part of being a validator being you know running a full node on the network that you can store the blobs past 18 days uh in for archival purposes now you guys know I am of course storing my blobs uh for indefinitely basically on my um network attached storage devices I have about 100 terabytes of storage on that that's going to be enough for many years to come even as uh blob counts and sizes increase uh there and the cool thing

about that is that uh restoring blobs is a oneof end trust assumption so what that means is that you only need one person to have the data uh for you to be able to kind of retrieve what the data was at that at that point in time so let's say you want to go back and unpack the data from like two years ago once blobs have been out for 2 years and let's say that 100 people stored this data but 99 of those people's data got corrupted or is inaccessible for another for whatever reason and then there's only one person that has the data uh that's fine because that one person can just go send it to everyone else and they can now store it and they've got crypto graic proof that that data corresponds to the pointer on chain because of the the hash that's basically

on chain because of the state rot commitment at least from my understanding that's that's how it works maybe getting some of the terminology mixed up here but doing it on the flly can be quite difficult sometimes uh but that's kind of how it works and that's the coolest thing about blobs by far to me is the fact that uh we get to basically get this extra scalability without putting extra burden on on full nodes because they get to expire it if they want to and then people can just store it whether they be hobbyists like myself or service service providers like a other lot of companies out there such as ether scan and um you know and others out there they can store it and then as I said it's a oneof n trust assumption so you only need one uh you know one of

them to be kind of available it's I guess like oneof end trust assumption but also a oneof end liveness assumption too where essentially you don't need you know a hundred uh different different kind of people to hold it you only need one person to hold it in the world and you have cryptographic proof that what they have the data that they have has not been tampered with has not been altered in any way and it's exactly what was put on ethereum uh when it originally was on ethereum L1 before it was expired and that's why we you know we refer to ethereum as a root of trust because ethereum is the root of trust for that blob so that to me is the really cool thing about blobs blobs are cool for a number of reasons but that is probably the coolest for me but I saw

this uh cast on on farter from zerox Rob here with a nice little chart showing that uh what it looks like in terms of like blob storage and uh showing what blobs have expired uh what blobs have been posted and then a simulation of what this kind of look like yes and blobs that are expiring so you can go check this out I'll link in the YouTube description below but yeah I mean you can see here that he's basically simulated out in the light shade of green and the light shade of I guess uh what's the color here maroon or something like that light shade of that uh and simulated out two weeks from from today and that's showing you what the what it's going to look like so because not a lot of blobs were used initially for the first kind of 10 days of denune

there wasn't we wer we weren't at the kind of Target blobs we weren't at um three and six we were basically below that but since then it has uptick that's why you see since like March 27th is it's gone up uh and then you can see here that that corresponds to what blobs are going to expire uh and basically that will go up uh you know as that comes into view as that rolling 18 days uh comes into view there so just a really really cool chart here so kudos to zerox Rob for putting this out there it's from Dune analytics I believe uh and then you can see he's also got a thread here with a bunch of other information and also keeping track of who's storing The Blob so he kind of casted out here saying that uh myself and uh Tony here are storing uh the

blobs as as personal providers and then you've got a bunch of data data providers such as blob scan Dune block native raided covalent and I believe ether scans in there as well all storing the blobs so yeah I mean we have a lot of redundancy here uh but at the same time as I said like you don't in the worst case scenario you don't need that redundancy you only need one person to have uh the data uh and as long as it obviously as long as that data hasn't been altered or anything it's going to match what's on the ethereum L1 uh no matter how far back you go and that's the real powerful thing about blobs here and everything could be recreated uh there so I'm sure there's a lots of hobbyists out there that are probably storing the blobs right now they're not

too heavy to store I believe that uh based on I guess storage yeah zerox Rob tweeted out saying that nodes currently hold around 25 gig of of blob data um this number will continue to rise and reach a Mac of Max of 50 gig in about 2 weeks so essentially like when we're at the max blob counts because blobs are obviously um you know Target of three a Max of six once we reach that and have that consistently uh being reached essentially I think the the most uh node will hold for that 18-day period is an extra 50 gig so if you kind of extrapolate that out uh and then you say okay well if you're not expiring the blobs and you're just storing them long term what's that going to look like well you know 18 days I mean I have to do the

math here 365 divided by 18 you got like 20 slots there times 50 gig will give you a terabyte essentially yeah I mean I could have done that in my head actually so yeah an extra terabyte or so of data to store and as I just said I have 100 terabytes of Nas storage so if the blob size and count remain the same as it is today which it won't but if it remain the same as it is today I could store these things uh continuously for 100 years without upgrading anything and obviously you know you can add more storage over time and there's going to be advancements in that over time as well uh um but I'm storing them on hard drives as well so it's very very cheap to do this I think that the Prov data providers would be storing them on solid

state drives because if you want to um essentially service them if you want to basically have a service running where people can go there and instantly look up what's uh what's a part of those blobs it would need to be done on solidate drives because hard hard drives would just be too slow here but for archal archival purposes when you're not actively serving it to a network or serving it to people then you can store it on hard drives and that's what I'm doing here because it's just being stored on there long term I'm just doing it as a hobbyist I'm not trying to monetize it or trying to set up any service for it or anything like that I just thought it was something cool to do there but yeah I guess going forward guys uh we're going to be expiring blobs pretty much like every every Epoch now

uh which is really cool uh I think that uh you know this really shows that the blob expire is working as well you know that was something that I guess was we needed to see kind of test it on Main net and it's working just fine people are either storing it or not uh and uh yeah that's the way it's going to be uh going forward there all right so there's been a lot of chat about layer 3s lately and I know I remember I think I said this like a year ago or a little you know maybe maybe maybe like 10 months ago or something like that I remember saying that the ethereum ecosystem if if we use the term layer 3es we're going to be made fun of and of course we've been made fun of everyone's like oh why do we need layer

3es we haven't even finished layer twos yet or layer 3es just sounds stupid what about layer fours and layer fives and so on and so forth like that was obvious to me that would happen because people would just make fun of layer twos anyway for whatever reason but the reason I'm bringing it up today is because vitalik actually put out a post about one and a half years ago on layer 3s uh and he says here the summary is that layer 3es don't magically improve throughput even more though they can reduce some fixed costs of batch publishing and deposits withdrawals so the bug post that he published uh on in September of 2022 two days after the merge actually here was uh titled what kind of layer 3es make sense so you can go give this a read for yourself uh I'll link it in the YouTube

description below but there seems to be two camps right now where there are people that are very much like against Layer 3es Two camps within like the layer two or rollup kind of ecosystem so there are people in teams that are very much against layer 3es and feel like that they're redundant or basically a failure of layer twos to to scale essentially and that more work should be put into layer twos rather than going to layer 3es and then there are teams that are basically all in on layer threes and saying you know this is a growth vertical for specific use cases we think that we should be putting effort into this so on and so forth you know I think that in terms of the most vocal teams I would say that the polygon team seems to be very much against layer 3es or maybe

just they don't see the the point of them or they don't see the value in them and the arbitrum team definitely sees the value in them and is pushing it quite hard as part of like the ARB orbit ecosystem and they're not just pushing it within the arbitrum ecosystem you can run l3s on other l2s so for example dgen chain is an L3 using arbitrum orbit but it's run on bass so it settles down to base and then base settles down obviously to ethereum L1 there and bass is built on the op stack so this is really the definition of modularity guys essentially where you can like pick and choose which parts you want to use uh and and in this case you know D gen chain is even using offchain da so they're using any trust da which is arbitrum offchain Da or the arbitrum

ecosystems offchain da they're using all bit which is the layer 3 Tech uh that arbitrum has developed there or that Alp chain Labs has developed there and then they're settling down to Bass which is built on op stack but bass is built at coinbase and then the data is being posted to L1 ethereum of Bas and then obviously L1 ethereum is built by all of us so you can see kind of the way the modularity works here and some people will look at this and be like oh my God there's so many extra trust assumptions here you know there's so many points of centralization so on and so forth but that is really the whole point isn't it is that we can actually explore this whole design space and we can basically make things that make sense being you know semi- centralized or make sense

being not like super decentralized and I discussed this L yesterday so I'm not going to rehash my points around that there but that really is I guess the discussion right now about like you know are layer 3s actually uh you know worth it are is there a point to layer 3es is there value in it or essentially does uh does it mean uh you know does it mean nothing does it is it going to fizzle out is it a fad sort of thing so we're going to see more and more discussion about that as time goes on but I definitely recommend going in Reading vitalic Post it is a year and a half old now but I think it's still relevant I just I I skimmed through it before I didn't have time to read the whole thing but it definitely seems to be quite

relevant still so yeah you should definitely go check that out I'll link it in the YouTube description below for you to do so all right so obviously as we've all seen over the last 24 48 Hours the crypto prices have not looked too good they're down a bit and honestly this is just short-term noise I think I think the market got way overheated with like the meme coin stuff and the mem coin speculation and everyone talking about oh my God you know it's up only super cycle it's all about the meme coins meme coins are going to go up forever whatever whatever I'm not going to comment on that in particular but that prompted me to kind of put out this cast today where I said you know crypto prices may be down but layer 2 activity just hit another all-time high and as you can see here this is the L2 beat

activity uh page where they're showing that the scaling factor of um of l2s right now is at 11.02 X which is an all-time high and it's even higher than that really kind of crazy Spike we saw with inscriptions as you can see in the chart in front of me here and guys like this is obvious to anyone paying attention that LE is just having a moment so to speak like they're just absolutely killing it right now very much led by bass I think you know bass is having its own moment with meme coins and nfts and farcaster and stuff like that but arbitrum is also just continuing to grow right arbitrium has been one of the the strongest um growing l2s for quite a while now and they're continuing to grow in a in a really big way and you can actually see here that

uh on on the chart essentially that ethereum L1 TP PS or yeah TPS basically is is flat and that's because ethereum L1 we haven't increased the gas limit or anything like that yet even though there has been discussion about this we haven't actually increased the gas limit yet so the TPS is is quite flat here uh and that's by Design because essentially what we've done is we've basically said okay well ethereum l1's you know throughou port in TPS is going to be low and the only way we really increase it is via the gas limit at least for the foreseeable future but on l2s they also have a concept of gas limit but there are many different l2s which you know you combine them together and you get this TPS here so essentially I think that the TPS is at about like what 150 TPS across all these l2s right now and

this is an average over the last kind of seven days this isn't counting the I guess outliers it's definitely averaged out here but that's really cool but you guys know that I don't think TPS is like a huge signal in terms of a metric I mean you guys know I don't really think any metrics are good within crypto they can all be gamed in some way but what I like to look at is Trends and as you can see here the trend of l2s even before this recent Spike that happened over the last I guess you could say couple of months um it was up right it was up only essentially and this is not a cumulative chart this is a chart that can go down as you can see there are some periods where it went down a little bit but over the longer term it has gone up and

that's exactly what we want to see we want to see the capacity of these l2s continuing to increase over time and that means that their scaling factors increase over time and I guess speaking of capacity this is a perfect segue into the other thing I wanted to talk about which was that base increased their gas Target to 5 meag gas per second today as promised so once again they've increased the I guess a capacity of the base Network by around 50% which means that fees declined very quickly here and they they're expecting them to stabilize as Jesse poak uh casted out here so you can see this chart that I showed the other day uh in you know the different lines here the Blue Line being the gas liet going up again then you've got the purple line being the used gas and the base fee which is the yellow line going

down as soon as they kind of increase the gas here now I we'll expect this yellow line to go up again because of the fact that I mean we have you know the concept of induced demand here but it's good to see that we you know as I said last time when Bas did this just a few days ago it's really really good to see that they're able to very kind of like easily do this while remaining stable and they're not doing it in a cowboy way you know 100% increase is not really that uh that much of a um you know an increase in the grand scheme of things especially because they were already being very conservative with their gas limit here and as Jesse reiterates in his cast B's long-term goal is to achieve 1 gigas per second which is a 400x from here and I think

that they will achieve that honestly and I know that there's going to be not just a gas limit that goes into this but there's going to be a lot of improvement on the evm side just generally and there are projects working on this that are going to benefit these um evm l2s so for example monad even though it's a layer one they're going to benefit the entire evm ecosystem then you have mega eth which is uh doing basically what monade is doing but at layer 2 as well that's going to benefit the etherum ecosystem then you got the layer twos themselves going to be improving it you know arbitrum is doing their stylus thing which is going to increase scalability because they're dropping costs to go um you know across different aspects such as compute and and you know individual kind of costs that are tied to the

execution side of things so it's all happening in parallel guys and this is again the magic of the layer 2 rollup Centric road map is that we have all of these Innovations all these all these developments happening in parallel no need to go through the ethereum L1 governance process and yes there's a trade-off here of the fact that these l2s are you know are centralized uh and they have to go through stages to get to stage two where they essentially become you know quite decentralized but I at the end of the day that's a trade-off I think worth taking you know we need to scale but we're not going to be able to scale you know quickly through layer one because of the fact that layer one has has a slow process slow governance process and we actually realized that that's why we put blobs onto the network

because we essentially said well let's you know let's put blobs onto the network let's future proof them and then let's make it so that we can add Dash to them you know data availability sampling and and and and and sharding as well to that and that way we can keep increasing the scalability at layer one even with the slow governance process while the layer twos can keep increasing their own scalability on the execution side so this really is that Holy Grail that I've been talking about for years when it comes to l2s when it comes to scalability on ethereum and we are finally realizing that over especially over the past few weeks since blobs went live so I'm super excited to see all that playing out there but you can go check out all of that I'll link it in the YouTube description below for you to

do so all right so speaking of blobs I think I've got a couple more things to talk about with regards to layer 2os and then I'll move on but speaking of blobs so because there's been a lot of demand for layer 2os lately blob prices have started going up now I covered this I believe yesterday by showing Hill Dobby's blob dashboard where you can basically see the inscriptions taking up a lot of uh capacity on here so it's not just l2s it's also inscriptions but obviously l2s are contributing to it as well and I'm going to bring up hill Do's dashboard so I can illustrate this to to to you guys so you can see here blobs posted over the past 5 days is what hill W's dashboard tracks around half of the blobs being posted belong to l2s and the other half is inscriptions and it's

actually been quite crazy how I guess um how stable inscriptions has been because I actually am not seeing anyone talk about inscriptions at all but they're there they're taking up a lot of capacity right now with blobs and you can actually see that inscriptions are the single biggest user of blobs right now uh the second is bass of course because they're seeing the most activity but then you have lanaa coming in as well here oh wait no I should say sorry yeah so I was I was sorting it here uh you have lanaa in the in the blue here being a recent entrant you can see here um but then yeah it goes base arbitrum optimism starnet so basically the more usage they see and how they post blobs will dictate their their blob usage here um but what I really wanted to kind of

point out here is the fact that we're at capacity right now we are like you can see on this chart actually here we are at capacity in terms of blobs in terms of the the target of three with a with a limit of six uh and that has been true for I guess like a at least a week now or something like that and now because of that it means that the gas prices go up for blob for blobs because of the fact that it follows a a a priority fee market and as you can see on on the on the the screenshot here I took from the ultrasound money website we have burned almost $2 million worth of eth over the last s days and I think it's less than that over the last five days from just blobs alone this does not include the

actual L1 uh you know normal L1 fee markets because if I go to Ultrasound money and actually look at the normal L1 fee Market you can actually see the difference here it's quite a big difference Stills but if I go here and I look at the last uh last seven days we have burned 21,000 eth whereas for blobs uh if you go Ahad and look at my screenshot we've only burned 520 eth but still it's it's something right like it means that the demand is outstripping the supply for blobs already as was pretty much expected by like pretty much everyone uh and that's playing out in the fact that we're burning eth because of this now inscriptions are basically helping us uh to burn eth here but you know that's that's actually crazy the difference between blobs and the normal fee Market I mean 21,000 compared to 500

ethia but you know over time you would expect those things to get closer and closer but also uh the gas limit of L1 is not going to be increased at the same rate of the the blobs at L2 right where essentially The Blob size and the count can go like 2x in the next hard fork for example whereas the gas limit I would struggle to think it would go 2x by the the next hard for maybe we do that 33% increase that some people were advocating for but a double yeah I don't know about that I think that that would be a toall order uh that's for sure there but anyway just wanted to highight that one uh for you guys there and the last thing on the L2 front is Peter here tweeted out that Bas cleared 7,000 transactions a minute at one point which

was over 100 TPS that's crazy guys the fact that like B is already doing over 100 TPS alone here um which is just just insane and that's simply because of the fact that they're increasing capacity and every time they increase capacity it gets filled up people are hungry guys like the demand is there when you reduce the fees demand comes in and this is the cat and mouse game that I keep going on about is when it comes to scalability and the fact that we have Bas to basically stress test all of this stuff and then arbitrum as well on arbitrum one is doing a lot of uh activity too and the other l2s are continuing to grow as well like we're just stress testing everything here like from blobs to the execution side of the l2s uh to how much TPS we can do across all l2s

collectively with blobs so it's really really great to see that but as I said before you know TPS isn't you know the be Endor it's not the Holy Grail really to me the Holy Grail is is at the end of the day just what the users being able to do transactions on these networks in a cheap way and being able to do them uh uh with going to deep liquidity as well like if they want to do defi stuff on all of these l2s they should be able to do them with you know deep enough liquidity for them to do it there should be all the apps that they want to use on there and that's just the short to medium-term problem I think because as I discussed uh I think last week about the AG layer and shared sequences those seem like a way we're going to be able to

solve a lot of these issues around fragmentation at the protocol level I've said that we can solve a lot of the fragmentation issues at the ux level the wallet ux level but if we can do it at the protocol level first and then the wallet ux level only has to do do a little bit of extra work to abstract it away even more then we get to like a more of a I guess like perfect solution here so I think yeah that's only a shortterm maybe medium-term issue there but I'm getting more and more confident as time goes on that the AG layer which is being built by polygon but is being built as a credibly neutral thing it's being built as a public good it's not supposed to be just for polygon chains it's meant to be for like everyone um so there's the AG layer and then there's

shared sequencers which I think that the winning shared sequencer will probably be an AVS so an IG layer AVS which means that it will be secured by ethereum's crypto Economic Security which means that you'll have more guarantees around liveness as well because ethereum node operators will be running them so you'll have liveness guarantees essentially resistant guarantees and you can probably plug them into the same Mev boost or PBS pipeline that we're going to have in the end state of ethereum L1 there and then on top of that we also have based sequencing or base boosted sequencing that Tao is very involved in and then pre- comps as well which Justin Drake has talked about a lot there is so many things happening across every kind of area you can think of right now guys when it comes to scaling ethereum and everything in between there so just

great to see all that happening there but you can go check out this chart from Peter I'll link it in the YouTube description below for you to do so all right last up here I've left a bit of time because I wanted to talk a little bit about something uh that John Wang put this tweet out uh where he said the stuff that people talked about two to four years ago such as layer 2s EIP 4844 account abstraction T bills all actually got implemented this is a reminder that it's not all talk actually happens and I quote tweeted this and I said one of the most rewarding things for me as an educator is talking about awesome things that are coming to ethereum years in advance and then seeing them delivered on mainnet the ethereum road map is the most robust one in crypto by far and will continue

to be delivered delivered on um so you guys know if you've listened to the refuel from like day one I mean I'm sure there's a few of you out there I'm not not sure how many people listened since day one but you'll know that I've talked about like all of these things at length for years in advance like multiple times and I'm talking about things today years in advance and as I said in my tweet like it's incredibly rewarding for me to be able to talk about this stuff for you guys and then see it materialize eventually on the network and the only reason why I have so much confidence that it will materialize is because I have a lot of confidence in the ethereum's ecosystems ability to ship the ethereum road map not just the layer one road map but the respective Layer Two road maps and everything in between

I have no reason to doubt the ability of the ethereum ecosystem to ship and I this is my main thesis for the ethereum ecosystem and by an extension for the eth as an asset is that ethereum attracts the best and brightest minds and continues to do so it is the ultimate nerd snipe I know there are other ecosystems out there that have smart people working on them I'm not trying to deride them or you know uh bring them down or anything like that but when it comes to just like what is the epicenter of crypto it's ethereum all the Innovation happens on ethereum all the things that are that be that that get traction on other chains started on ethereum ethereum is the breeding ground of innovation for the entire ecosystem it births the you know the the kind of biggest deal things like for example with recently with reaking

with IG layer that that is in the ethereum ecosystem guys like defi is in the ethereum ecosystem like layer 2os Bitcoin tried to do it with the lightning Network failed and then ethereum did it and successfully delivered on it and we basically invented rollups as you know on top of plasma as as kind of like a success successor to plasma and then all and then the ZK stuff it's all happening on ethereum like I could keep going on for ages about this but it's all happening on ethereum but in terms of like the etherum L1 road map itself for the coree protocol I mean this is the latest updated version I'll link it in the YouTube description below but I look at each of these items and I don't look at these as moonshots I look at these as really well- defined road map items that

have active research happening on them that don't seem to have at least most of them don't seem to have any real blockers on them in terms of getting them shipped on Main net and then you've got a lot of things that have already been shipped on Main net or are close to shipping on Main net here even things underneath the Splurge where you can see that basically the Splurge is a stretch goal essentially we like okay well the items in the Splurge you know they're nice to has but they're not critical we're still delivering on them and vitalic defined EIP 1559 is one of the things in the splurge and we delivered that and then you've got things like eof which seems to be delivered in uh you know he going to be delivered in Petra we've got vdfs in endgame 1559 like those things are still being researched

and worked on maybe they don't make it in eventually but they're there right but then you have all the other road map items here and we see them all 4844 was was implemented I mean vitalic hasn't updated this yet but it's been implemented and then pias it's being worked on we H we have a design for it we know that we can probably get it in to a hard Fork you know relatively soon same with like full Danang sharding as well the MV stuff we're doing inclusion list right we're doing epbs all that stuff's being worked on like very in in a very detailed and and and and and and and kind of like hardcore way same with the Verge with vericle trees we have test nets for that right The Purge State expiry stuff like all of this stuff is just being worked on in parallel across

the ecosystem and this is what I'm betting on like this whole road map just basically encapsulates my entire thesis for the ethereum ecosystem is that we can deliver on pretty much not maybe not every single one of these items but pretty much like most of these items the important ones at least the critical ones that we need to get into the ethereum layer 1 Network and this is only the ethereum layer one road map this is not counting all the layer 2 road maps this is not counting all the other research happening outside of ethereum L1 on things like as I mentioned shared sequencing reaking right uh things within defi all that sorts of stuff it's all happening on ethereum and I have no doubt that ethereum is going to continue be the epicenter of all that in Innovation continue to be the epicenter of all that

growth and those cambering explosions that we see and I have no doubt that all the other ecosystems will continue to copy ethereum because ethereum is that breeding ground ethereum is that infinite garden and eth sits at the center of that as well so I have no doubt that eth is going to keep awing value based on that over the longer term and when I say longer term guys like I'm talking you know decades here like this is not a short-term game at all I've always had a decades long mindset for ethereum and it may sound like a long time but at the end of the day like we all know how time works by the time you know a decade passes from now we' be like oh where did the decade go right like we always do that do that at the end of the year where we're like oh my

God can't believe it's like 2024 already when it was New Year's last year and then by the end of this year we're going to be like oh my God it's already 2025 where did the year go is because our perception of time especially as adults is uh is quite wared right there not something we really think about we don't actively think about time passing we don't actively like log every minute of Our Lives you know some crazy people may keep like journals like very very detailed journals but most of us don't do that so time is just like this abstract thing that we don't really think about and then when we do think about it it becomes this thing of oh my God like so much time has passed and it's kind of The Human Condition right but outside of that it's a bit philosophical for this discussion right

now in terms of ethereum's road map PR I would say that to get most of this road map completed from from here it's probably another six to eight years I would say um which is fine because that includes the stretch goals as well but the thing is is that this isn't the only thing that we're going to be doing like there's still going to be other things added to ethereum here as we discover them there's still going to be other things that we want to do are far into the future but over time changes to the layer one protocol will will slow down once we've delivered the major things layer 2's will definitely be the you know the main Hub the main Epic Center layer one will be kind of will maybe transition into something like a maintenance mode where clients you know teams optimize their clients where if

there's any bugs on Main net we fix those maybe we do like an upgrade every two years or something because it's you know it's something that we want to get into the network but it's not a rush to get in so that's kind of how I Envision uh these things playing out over time uh there but but anyway enough of me ranting about that that has actually been quite a bullish episode today I didn't mean for it to be bullish and I think that the uh sound is probably low on my voice yet because uh I I just see it coming up on my OBS here the recording tool that I use that it's a little bit low so apologies for that during the video you probably just have to put your volume up I'll have it fixed for tomorrow's episode but I think on

that note that's going to be it for today so thank everyone for listening and watching be sure to subscribe to the channel if you haven't yet give you that video a thumbs up subscribe to newsletter join the Discord Channel and I'll catch you all tomorrow thanks everyone